Subject and Object Honorification in Japanese

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on The Grammar of Event Structure (1991), pp. 312-32

Filling Knowledge Gaps in a Broad-Coverage Machine Translation System

Knowledge-based machine translation (KBMT) techniques yield high quality in domains with detailed semantic models, limited vocabulary, and controlled input grammar. Scaling up along these dimensions means acquiring large knowledge resources. It also means behaving reasonably when definitive knowledge is not yet available. This paper describes how we can fill various KBMT knowledge gaps, often using robust statistical techniques. We describe quantitative and qualitative results from JAPANGLOSS, a broad-coverage Japanese-English MT system.Comment: 7 pages, Compressed and uuencoded postscript. To appear: IJCAI-9

Is Adjuvant Chemotherapy Necessary in Patients with Early Endometrial Cancer?

Background: We investigated whether there was a difference in prognosis between patients with stage IA endometrial cancer with and without lymphovascular space invasion. Methods: We enrolled patients with stage IA (pT1aN0M0) endometrial cancer admitted to our hospital from 2009 to 2018. All patients underwent hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy. We immunopathologically evaluated the presence or absence of lymphovascular space invasion in the tumor tissue using hematoxylin and eosin, Elastica-van Gieson, and podoplanin staining. We analyzed disease-free and overall survival and calculated patients’ survival distribution using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test. The multivariate analysis was performed to determine the prognostic factors. Results: A total of 116 patients were included. The median age of the patients was 57 (range, 30–78) years, and the histological subtype revealed 98 and 18 cases of types 1 and 2, respectively. The median follow-up period was 71.9 (range, 10.8–149) months, and the 3-year disease-free and 3-year overall survival rates were 94% and 99%, respectively. The disease-free and overall survival rates were significantly shorter in type 2 patients than in type 1 patients (type 2 vs. type 1; 77% vs. 97%, P < 0.01, 94% vs. 100%, P = 0.014, respectively). The univariate and multivariate analyses showed that there were no significant differences in disease-free survival between the lymphovascular space invasion-positive and -negative groups among type 1 cases. Conclusion: There was no difference in prognosis between patients with stage IA and type 1 endometrial cancer with and without lymphovascular space invasion

出産後4年間の1経産婦の身体活動量の推移

報告Report【目的】出産後の母親の育児負担を身体活動から検討する目的で本研究を行った。【方法】事例は28歳の1回経産婦。第2子出産時における第1子の年齢は2歳9ヵ月。身体活動量の測定はライフコーダを使用し、出産後1～2年目は毎月、3～4年目は3ヵ月毎に平日4日間装着した。測定項目は歩数、運動量、総消費量、身体活動レベル時間分布であった。【結果】平均歩数(歩/日)は1年目5,388歩に対し2年目移行は7,800歩を超えた。運動量(kcal/日)は1年目97kcalに対し、2年目移行は150kcalを超えた。総消費量(kcal/日)は1,650～1,680kca1であった。身体活動レベル時間分布(分/日)は1年目微小運動が631分、ゆっくり歩行337分に対し、2年目移行は微小運動が減少、ゆっくり歩行が増加した。【結論】運動量と総消費量から事例の身活動強度はレベルIであるが、1年目の歩数は平均的主婦、2年目移行は日本人女性の平均歩数に匹敵した